See 固い on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "yawarakai",
"ruby": [
[
"柔",
"やわ"
]
],
"word": "柔らかい"
},
{
"roman": "yurui",
"ruby": [
[
"緩",
"ゆる"
]
],
"word": "緩い"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "固い",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"roman": "kataku",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "固かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "固い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "固い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "固けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "固かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "固くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "固かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かたいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "katai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "固くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "固かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "katakute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "固ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "固かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "かたく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "固さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "かたさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "katasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かたい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "固(かた)い • (katai) -i (adverbial 固(かた)く (kataku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "かた",
"lemma": "固",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a hard substance",
"roman": "katai busshitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"物質",
"ぶっしつ"
]
],
"text": "固い物質",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"id": "en-固い-ja-adj-7VRluSIN",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a tight knot",
"roman": "katai musubime",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"結",
"むす"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"text": "固い結び目",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight"
],
"id": "en-固い-ja-adj-kitT6oN-",
"links": [
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 65 27 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 78 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 79 15 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 79 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 77 23 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a firm belief",
"roman": "katai shinnen",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"信念",
"しんねん"
]
],
"text": "固い信念",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strong; firm"
],
"id": "en-固い-ja-adj-nRrwNvDX",
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a strict rule",
"roman": "katai kisoku",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"規則",
"きそく"
]
],
"text": "固い規則",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strict"
],
"id": "en-固い-ja-adj-OjEn9eoC"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He is too straitlaced.",
"roman": "ano hito wa katasugiru",
"ruby": [
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"text": "あの人は固すぎる",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflexible"
],
"id": "en-固い-ja-adj-9DYdz4kI"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かたい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠i]"
}
],
"word": "固い"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "yawarakai",
"ruby": [
[
"柔",
"やわ"
]
],
"word": "柔らかい"
},
{
"roman": "yurui",
"ruby": [
[
"緩",
"ゆる"
]
],
"word": "緩い"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese い-i adjectives",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "固い",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"roman": "kataku",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "固かろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakaro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "固い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "固い",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたい",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "固けれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたけれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "固かれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "katakare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "固くない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "固かった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固いです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かたいです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "katai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "固くないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくないです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nai desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "固かったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくなかったです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku nakatta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固くて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かたくて",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "katakute",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "固ければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたければ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakereba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "固かったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "katakattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "固かろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かたかろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "katakarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "固く",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "かたく",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kataku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "固さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "かたさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "katasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かたい",
"infl": "i"
},
"expansion": "固(かた)い • (katai) -i (adverbial 固(かた)く (kataku))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": "く",
"attributive": "い",
"conditional": "ければ",
"conjunctive": "くて",
"continuative": "く",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": "い です",
"formal_negative": "く ない です",
"formal_negative_past": "く なかった です",
"formal_past": "かった です",
"hypothetical": "けれ",
"imperative": "かれ",
"imperfective": "かろ",
"informal_negative": "く ない",
"informal_negative_past": "く なかった",
"informal_past": "かった",
"kana": "かた",
"lemma": "固",
"provisional": "かったら",
"terminal": "い",
"volitional": "かろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a hard substance",
"roman": "katai busshitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"物質",
"ぶっしつ"
]
],
"text": "固い物質",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a tight knot",
"roman": "katai musubime",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"結",
"むす"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"text": "固い結び目",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight"
],
"links": [
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a firm belief",
"roman": "katai shinnen",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"信念",
"しんねん"
]
],
"text": "固い信念",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strong; firm"
],
"links": [
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a strict rule",
"roman": "katai kisoku",
"ruby": [
[
"固",
"かた"
],
[
"規則",
"きそく"
]
],
"text": "固い規則",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strict"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He is too straitlaced.",
"roman": "ano hito wa katasugiru",
"ruby": [
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"text": "あの人は固すぎる",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflexible"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かたい"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ta̠i]"
}
],
"word": "固い"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 固い meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"固い"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "固い",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.